Concert Review Form Essay

Each student is responsible for attending a live music performance and turning in one concert review each trimester. The concert review can be handed into you current band director before the end of the trimester. You concert review should be designed so that it could be printed in a newspaper as a music or concert critique. All of the below questions should be answered, but responses should be in paragraph, rather than numbered format. Concert Review Checklist: Be sure to use complete sentences, correct grammar and spelling. Answer each question within the context of the review. Title your critique in reference to both the music and the performance. All reviews should be typed and double-spaced. Reports will be graded on the quality and thoroughness of the response. Attach this sheet, a ticket stub and/or program (if available) to the top of the report. Concert Reviews need to be turned in before the end of the trimester. Concert Review Reminders: †¢ Concert Reviews will not be accepted unless they are typed. †¢ If you have not answered the questions below, your Concert Review is less than complete. †¢ Do not use casual or conversation language. For example: umm, well, yea, etc. †¢ Do not wait until the last moment to see a concert. †¢ Do not answer the questions in numbered format. 1. Introduction: Tell the reader about the performance. Include both visual and audio clues for the reader. Be descriptive about how the setting of the space (or the uniforms, or the programs) helped the audience understand what was about to be performed. a. The performers and the space: What type of performance did you attend? What was the name of the group (if any)? Give a brief description about the group: size, instrumentation, professionals/amateurs, purpose of the performance. 2. Development: Tell the reader about the music. Include descriptive words that allow the reader to know what you thought about the performance without exactly stating your opinion. For example: â€Å"The second piece on the program was Bach chorale that contrasted well with the first piece of music. However, the minimal use of dynamics and lack of passion from the performers resulted in a lackluster performance.† a. The music: What type of music did they perform? How did the performers act? (Did they appear nervous or confident? Did they seem to know what to do? How did they interact with each other? How did they interact with the audience?) 3. Your Critique: What did you like? Why did you like it? If it was an amateur group, did the group play up to their ability or above/below it? a. What you liked/disliked: Give a brief description of what you liked about the performance. List 2-3 things specifically that you would want the reader to know. 4. Your Conclusion: Give the reader some final thoughts about what you enjoyed about the piece of music and how you thought the performance went. Would you buy the CD? Go to another concert? Recommend it to a friend?

Good: Satisfaction Customer Satisfaction

CUSTOMER SATISFACTION â€Å"Customer Satisfaction is a business term of how the products and the services supplied by the company meet or surpass the customer expectation. It is the key performance indicator within the business.† †¦Berlin AsongWHY ORGANIZATIONS FOCUS ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION? Businesses monitor customer satisfaction in order to determine how to increase their customer base, customer loyalty, revenue, profits, market share and survival. Although greater profit is the primary driver, exemplary businesses focus on the customer and his/her experience with the organization. They work to make their customers happy and see customer satisfaction as the key to survival and profit. Customer satisfaction in turn hinges on the quality and effects of their experiences and the goods or services they receive.NEED OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION The most important asset of any organization is its customers. Satisfied customers pay their bills promptly which greatly improves ca sh flow – the lifeblood of any organization.BUSINESS TECNIQUES OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION One of the key customer satisfaction techniques is the need to provide front line employees with the ability to respond to customer situations quickly without the need to ‘ask for permission’. Innovation drives customers' satisfaction. As customers' needs keep changing, an innovation-driven company is capacitated to exceed customers' expectations. To provide after sale services.Listen actively and carefully. Anticipate that the customer will be asking questions. They may be easy, they be hard. But encourage them anyway. If you cannot provide an answer, promise to find out the answer from someone who can. Be patient, look from the customer's point of view and work from there. This point of view will always give you the best outlook on the situation. Always keep a smile on your face when dealing with customers which can lead to customer satisfaction. This positive attitude can r ub off and turn a potentially negative situation into a positive experience.WHY MEASURE THE CUSTOMER SATISFACTION? Customer satisfaction is tied directly to profitability. Well-established research by Bain & Company found that, for many companies, an increase of 5% in customer retention can increase profits by 25% to 95%. The same study found that it costs six to seven times more to gain a new customer than to keep an existing one.CUSTOMER SATISFACTION MEASUREMENT A basic and effective base line customer satisfaction survey program should focus on measuring customer perceptions of how will the company delivers on the critical success factors and dimensions of the business as defined by  the customers. Organizations need to retain existing customers while targeting non-customers. Measuring customer satisfaction provides an indication of how successful the organization is at providing products and/or services to the marketplace.Customer satisfaction is an abstract concept and the ac tual manifestation of the state of satisfaction will vary from person to person and product/service to product/service. The state of satisfaction depends on a number of both psychological and physical variables which correlate with satisfaction behaviors such as return and recommend rate. The level of satisfaction can also vary depending on other factors the customer, such as other products against which the customer can compare the organization's products.FOR EXAMPLE: Service Promptness Courtesy of Staff Responsiveness Understanding the customer problem, etc.The findings of the company performance should be analyzed both with all customers and by key segments of the customer population. The essential starting point for Customer Satisfaction Measurement (CMS) is exploratory research. Since satisfaction is about an organization’s ability. To meet customer requirement one has to start by clarifying with customers exactly what those requirements are. This is done through explora tory research using focus groups or one to one depth interviews. Two main factors determine the accuracy of CMS. The first is the asking the right question and the second is the asking them to the right people sample of customers which accurately reflects the customer base.Three things decide the accuracy of a sample. They are: 1. It must be representative. 2. It must be randomly selected. 3. It must be adequate enough.NEED FOR MEASURING CUSTOMER SATISFACTIONâ€Å"Customers are too good to lose  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Lets keep them happy! â€Å"Customer is the king.† â€Å"Marketing starts with the customer and ends the customer†. †¦Peter Drucker. So no organization, small or big ignores the customers. â€Å"Earth is not the center of universe but revolves around the Sun†. †¦Copernicus. Similarly, we have come to believe that business firm is not the center of economic universe but revolves around the customer.REVIEW OF LITERATUREAbout customer satisfaction Cust omer satisfaction occurs when the experience obtained from transaction match expectation. Customer may forget experience that match expectation although, customers will generally notice and also remember those experience that deviated from expectation.Methodologies The Kano model is a theory of product development and customer satisfaction developed in the 1980s by Professor Noriaki Kano that classifies customer preferences into five categories: Attractive, One-Dimensional, Must-Be, Indifferent, Reverse. The Kano model offers some insight into the product attributes which are perceived to be important to customers. Kano also produced a methodology for mapping consumer responses to questionnaires onto his model.SERVQUAL or RATER is a service-quality framework that has been incorporated into customer-satisfaction surveys (e.g., the revised Norwegian Customer Satisfaction Barometer) to indicate the gap between customer expectations and experience. J.D. Power and Associates provides ano ther measure of customer satisfaction, known for its top-box approach and automotive industry rankings. J.D. Power and Associates' marketing research consists primarily of consumer surveys and is publicly known for the value of its product awards. Other research and consulting firms have customer satisfaction solutions as well.These include A.T. Kearney's Customer  Satisfaction Audit process, which incorporates the Stages of Excellence framework and which helps define a company’s status against eight critically identified dimensions. For Business to Business (B2B) surveys there is the Info Quest box. This has been used internationally since 1989 on more than 110,000 surveys (Nov '09) with an average response rate of 72.74%. The box is targeted at â€Å"the most important† customers and avoids the need for a blanket survey.RESEARCH METHODOLOGYINTRODUCTION Research is an art of scientific investigation through search for new facts in any branch of knowledge. It is a mo ment from known to unknown. Research always starts with a question or a problem.  Its purpose is to find answers to questions through the application of the scientific method. It is a systematic and intensive study directed towards a more complete knowledge of the subject studied.â€Å"My Research based on Descriptive Research.† Descriptive research is also called Statistical Research. The main goal of this type of research is to describe the data and characteristics about what is being studied. The idea behind this type of research is to study frequencies, averages, and other statistical calculations. Although this research is highly accurate, it does not gather the causes behind a situation.Descriptive research is mainly done when a researcher wants to gain a better understanding of a topic for example, a frozen ready meals company learns that there is a growing demand for fresh ready meals but doesn’t know much about the area of fresh food and so has to carry out research in order to gain a better understanding. It is quantitative and uses surveys and panels and also the use of probability sampling.

What Does It Take to Get Into Tulane University?

With an acceptance rate of 26%, admission to Tulane is highly competitive . So, what does it take to get it? Read on to find out. What could be better than attending college in New Orleans? From Mardi Gras to music festivals, Tulane University might seem like a nonstop party. However, the truth is that this southern school has more than enough to offer those who are academically minded. In fact, U.S. News & World Report ranked Tulane No. 40 on its list of the Best National Universities and No. 45 on a list of Best Undergraduate Programs. And with more than 75 majors from which to choose, students don’t have to worry about finding a program that excites them. While Tulane is clearly a great place to attend college, getting into this institution can be challenging. Fortunately, there are ways to increase your odds of being accepted. Here’s our advice for optimizing your admissions profile for Tulane University. Tulane accepts both the Common Application and its own online application. To apply for Early Decision, submit your materials by November 1. The Early Action deadline is November 15, and Regular Decision applications are due by January 26. You can expect to receive an admission decision by April 1. Tulane requires applicants to submit the following materials: Visual and performing arts students have the option of submitting a portfolio or audition. Non-U.S. citizens are also required to submit a Certification of Finances document with their application. One of the most respected universities in the U.S., Tulane is naturally very competitive. In 2017, Tulane accepted just 26% or 8,126 of the 32,006 students who applied, so candidates need to be at the top of their game if they hope to gain entry. The average GPA of admitted applicants was 3.51, the average ACT score was 30, and the average SAT score was 1410. So, while most Tulane students boast high GPAs and test scores, the admissions committee considers other factors as well. Along with academic prowess, the school seeks out students who are passionate about what they do. Overall, Tulane is trying to build a robust, vibrant student body, so use your application to convey your unique talents and strengths. Estimating your chance of getting into a college is not easy in today’s competitive environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art software and data, we can analyze your academic and extracurricular profile and estimate your chances. Our profile analysis tool can also help you identify the improvement you need to make to enter your dream school. Tulane University requires incoming freshmen to have strong academic credentials. Prospective students should pursue a high school curriculum that includes the following: Additionally, Tulane takes standardized test scores into account when making admissions decisions. While the middle 50% of students earn SAT scores between 1420 and 1510, applicants may be pleased to learn that the school superscores the test, considering the highest scores across all test dates. The middle 50% of students who take the ACT earn between 31 and 33; unfortunately, Tulane does not superscore this exam. Some students may qualify for guaranteed admission to Tulane under the Focus Louisiana program . Here are the criteria required for guaranteed acceptance: Note that Guaranteed Admission applicants must apply to Tulane Early Decision. Unless you qualify for Guaranteed Admission, there’s probably no one way to ensure you get into Tulane. However, the following steps can help your application stand out from the pack: According to Tulane’s mission statement, the school is dedicated to helping â€Å"individuals, organizations, and communities to think, to learn, and to act and lead with integrity and wisdom.† If you want to boost your odds of getting accepted at this southern school, use the optional statement to show the admissions committee how you fit this description. For example, you might want to describe a time when you served as a leader in your school or community. The goal is to convey why you’re a good fit for Tulane, along with why the school is ideal for you. Colleges aren’t naive enough to think students are only applying to one school. Still, they want to know that applicants are passionate about the possibility of matriculating. You can demonstrate your engagement by attending college fairs, meeting with admissions reps, emailing questions to the admissions counselor, and scheduling campus tours. If you do visit Tulane (or any other school on your list), don’t forget to drop by the admissions office to let them know you cared enough to make the trip. According to Tulane’s Director of Admissions, Jeff Schiffman, the university is particularly interested in students who have held down part-time jobs. Whether you worked to save money for college or prepare for a prospective career, detail your experience in your application materials. Rather than chastise yourself for failing to get into Tulane, remember that there are plenty of other great schools out there. And one of them would love to have you. Some colleges known for being similar to Tulane include Vanderbilt, NYU, USC, UCLA, and Boston University. Determined to head down south for college? You might want to consider Duke University, Washington and Lee University, Wake Forest University, or Emory University.

The Hope House Hosting the Treatment Works March Event this Year Article

The Hope House Hosting the Treatment Works March Event this Year - Article Example The Hope House is for people who are struggling with substance abuse issues such as drug and alcohol addiction. Each counselor has 30 clients. Counselors meet with clients individually either weekly or bi-weekly and work with them in group therapy. The counselors work with the clients on treatment plans. They also coordinate care with other providers such as the courts, mental and health. Besides that, the clinic has a satellite program at Saint Anne’s Institute where a clinician works with the girls on Manning Blvd and addresses substance abuse through both group and individual counseling. The bio psychosocial-spiritual model is a treatment plan that addresses biological, psychological, social, and spiritual conditions. The reason for using this advanced model is because the impact of substance abuse on an individual has all the four aspects, the recovery has to be at all these levels. The outpatient clinic uses two types of treatment including groups, individual therapy and has intensive outpatient groups that run from Monday 9 a.m. to Friday 12 p.m. On Mondays, there are three groups: two from 10:30 a.m. to 2 p.m. and the last group from 1p.m to 2 p.m. These groups are women’s, men’s, and a group for mental health. The outpatient clinic tries to provide a welcoming relationship between the clients and the team, to know their clients problems, and help them to get well because they want to encourage them to complete their treatment successfully. OHearn is delighted when some clients call back after they are successful healed "Its awesome, I love it, its so rewarding to hear success stories about our clients," she said "Just a woman who finalized a few weeks ago, called me to let me know that she got a job and she is doing well." About their goals in the future, OHearn stated, "we have some conversations and kind of coming up with the program to get into

ARTICLE CRITIQUES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ARTICLE CRITIQUES - Essay Example Another aspect covered by the article is sources of information for the recognition of potential threats arising from hazardous materials. These include location and site occupancy; placards, labels and other markings on mode of transportation, buildings and containers; as well as information about the physical and chemical properties. All these information provide HAZMAT professionals with knowledge and guidance in the handling of hazardous materials and in responding to HAZMAT incidents. Finally, the article tackles personal protective equipment or PPE’s which help reduce risks from hazardous materials encountered by HAZMAT professionals. All the initial information provided in the article should be well-known to the emergency responder of incidents involving hazardous materials. Moreover, all the inputs provided by the article should be further studied by individuals who deal with these materials. Lack of appropriate knowledge about hazardous materials not only run the risk of exacerbating the incident but also fatal risks for the HAZMAT professionals. They should be well-versed in the laws and regulations concerning such materials to be able to prevent untoward incidents. Emergency responders should also be able to recognize the presence of these materials and must know how to safely handle them. Additionally, in responding to emergency situations involving hazardous materials, HAZMAT professionals should be equipped with appropriate PPEs and should be well-trained in their use. The article provides an introduction to laws, regulations and regulating bodies concerned with hazardous materials. It gives examples of regulating bodies such as the EPA, OSHA, DOT, NFPA; as well as examples of regulation such as SARA-EPCRA, HAZWOPER, and NFPA standards. Even from the examples presented, the reader is made to realize that many entities are concerned with safety as related to hazardous materials. Although the examples are not explained at length, mere mention

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Essay

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) - Essay Example The paper tells that despite the presence of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), US have been faced by many crimes that have not been researched on to get helpful information. Many of these crimes have been cases of terrorism. Terrorism has really threatened the security in United States. All the presidents in the country have been addressing this issue. This is evident from the efforts of Barrack Obama to capture Osama bin Laden, one of the most notorious terrorists who hit US. There are some causes of failures of the projects like inefficiency technology; lack of trained personnel; lack of funds; and lack of corporation from other organs. There are reports that are given on this agency an annual basis giving some recommendations that have to be implemented but this has not been enough since there is much information that the urgency not yet has about terrorism. There are some recommendations that may act as long-term solutions to this basing them on the ways of improving eff iciency of a project as it is in project management. The FBI as an agency of investigation on major crimes in the United States has been successful in different ways. It is the expectation of everyone that US, the most powerful country in the world, has all possible ways of ensuring security of its people. This has not been the case since security in its states has been threatened occasionally through some major crimes. They have increased their technology for instance introduction of DNA tests, fingerprint tracking, among other technologies that are used in crime investigation. (Jenkins, 2005, p.13). Despite the many achievements the FBI has, it has not been able to end and get enough information on some major crimes like terrorism. Terrorism has been a challenge to the agency and this is observable from the chronology of terrorist attacks from 1995. However, they have been successful on some terrorist activities; there are some that they still lack information on. This does not me an that the agency is a failure. There is a need to find out the causes of such challenges and give recommendations. The recommendations should be different from the ones that are given at the end of each year in such a way that they give long-term solutions. The agency has been regularly financed thus it becomes a surprise what the problem could really be. Analysis of FBI Database Project FBI as an agency of investigation has not been able to get information on some major issues like terrorism. It has been faced by some challenges that are expected in any project. Terrorism is one area in which the agency has failed. They lack much information on the issue and this has seen the rise of terrorist attacks over the years. However, they have not sat back to watch this happen, most of the measures that they have put to fight this have not bore any fruits. Forensic sciences are one of the fields they have advanced in to carry out investigation. They have been able to use some forensic te chnologies like fingerprints to track nagging criminals. This has however been successful with minor crimes within the states like robbery and murder but it has not helped much to get adequate on some major crimes like terrorism. This is what has led to negative judgments of their performance from different parties. They cannot despair since it is connected directly with the people’s lives on this project. There are some reasons that have been highlighted in different publications, in speeches, in

Decision Making Process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Decision Making Process - Essay Example The decision making process is merely as good as the weakest link. To take always high quality decisions, there is a need to ‘divide and conquer’ or split the decision and work on it part by part at a time. Being a leader, make certain to focus on people what it takes to suitably frame decisions. In order to establish decision quality in the organization, one should have a hand in declaring or checking each important decision frame. Soon after, when people become more certain and assured, turn them free to do their own framing, and guide them as a coach. As for the organizational decision making one should follow the decision dialog process that is suitably precise and flexible for the types of decisions. One should be able to judge decisions even as they’re being made, mainly when there are significant doubts, by assessing the quality of the work done at each of the six Decision Points: frame, people, process, alternatives, values, and information. Making decisions in the face of doubt is what leaders and managers are supposed to do. There is a requirement to see how the decisions might link up, and how others might link them up and then put the frame in view of that. No one can know everything in advance. Recognizing, perceptive, talking about, and finally counting uncertainty are all element of good decision making. Assist people to find out and understand risk. Recognize the critical uncertainty, on which the decision actually depends. Make use the creative insight to reframe the decision, identify alternatives, and sharpen the ethics so that one can with poise select a path, even if one doesn’t know for sure the result. People have different risk profiles. The lenience for risk indicates how one processes each of the Six Decision Points: frame, people, process, alternatives, values, and information. Think about risk tolerance. As in the case of significant

Federal Training Programs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Federal Training Programs - Essay Example The curriculum in the training programs is designed in such a manner to enhance the competence and capabilities of the work force and to increase the leadership qualities of the senior management. The participants are trained in a manner to enhance their capabilities and to serve the country in future. The training programs of the Federal Government were aimed at reducing the unemployment problem, under wages, inequality due to sex and race, women empowerment and addressing the problem of asylum seekers and refugees. According to government's initiative about the training programs undertaken, four strategic goals are to be achieved. They are 1. A prepared work force, A secure Work force, Quality Work places and a Competitive Work force. Achieving these targets was done well in the past now the strategic plan is being upgraded.1 According to the new goals of achievement are 1. A prepared work force should give training and offer services to newly recruited workers and those services must reflect quality. They must supply information about the economy. A competitive work force increases the capacity of the work force. It develops the capabilities of the work force and the regulatory systems. ... It develops the capabilities of the work force and the regulatory systems. These regulatory systems must assist the workers and managements in coping with the challenges in the international competition. These programs must ensure the safety, health in work places. The work places will be safe and secure. These safe and secure measures include the wages of the workers and also equality between them. The equality in opportunity and employment must be achieved. This equality must be applied for both the sexes and all the races. By protecting the economy the economic security can be strengthened and must ensure transparency in the Union. This will provide secure pensions and health benefits for the retired and disabled personnel. Along with the above achievements the president's management Agenda can be considered as the focus of the efforts of the department of labor. These include management of Human capital, increasing competitiveness in sourcing, financial performance, e governance and integration in budget performance. The goals, if achieved in a right perspective, they respond to evolving employment and training needs. By spurring the work force the department can give workers more flexibility, which makes them career oriented. This can create work force investment. The department did provide grants in order to enhance the capacity of the community and technical colleges, which train workers. Along with the above targets the protection of the workers also was present in the consideration. Emphasizing on high risk work places to make them more secure is one of the targets. The people involved in fighting global war on terror also will be considered and their needs will be addressed. To address

The Effects of the Quality of Employees' Interaction with their Research Paper

The Effects of the Quality of Employees' Interaction with their Managers on the Quality of their Work - Research Paper Example The interview session was based on quality of interaction of employees with their manager and quality of performance. The interviewees of the study are employees of †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ From that, samples of 12 people were identified with the help of non-probability sampling technique known as purposive sampling. Among the interviewees, 6 employees had good quality of interaction and other 6 employee has poor quality of interaction. It was found that in general, the quality of interaction and the quality of work are directly proportional. But to make a concrete conclusion, further research is required. TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 4 Statement of the problem Purpose Hypothesis Importance of study De finitions of terms Delimitations CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 7 CHAPTER III: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 10 Upward communication and downward communication Theory X and Theory Y Leader Member exchange theory Social exchange theory Scientific Management CHAPTER IV: METHODOLOGY 13 Research design: Measurement of variables (Instrumentation): Sampling: Research Methods: Plan of Analysis: CHAPTER V: DATA ANALYSIS 16 Sample characteristics: Analysis results: CHAPTER VI: CONCLUSIONS 22 Introduction: Summary of findings Interpretation of findings & integration: Recommendations: ENDNOTE†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.25 APPENDIX 26 WORK CITED 27 CHAPTER I Introduction This project examines the impact of the quality of employees’ interactions with their respective managers and how it changes the quality of their work by identifying characteristics o f quality of delivery. The objective is also to find out whether the quality relationship between employees and managers improve the quality of the work. How far does it make any difference in performance?  This paper takes into account research based on employees’ reaction to the level of interaction with the management and how does that interaction influence the quality of an employees’ performance by and large. Instead of quantitative research, qualitative research is opted to draw the conclusion. The manager-employee communication has a critical impact on performance. That is why companies often neglect to emphasize or provide training to help managers build this important connection? According to exit-interview, research tells that the primary reason people leave their jobs in their organization is their managers. It is said that human resource is the biggest asset and biggest liability of an organization. To make use of an organization’s human resource p ool, it is extremely important to maintain quality interaction among all the office members. End of the day, manager and employees work together as a team. If the performance is good, then not only they are benefited individually, but the office also gets advantages. So it is an extremely important issue as a research topic. Statement of the Problem The research is going to address the problem whether the quality relationship between employees and managers improve the quality of the work. With the help of testing of hypothesis, the research is trying to compare how both high and low quality interacti

Cyclermate Consultancy report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Cyclermate Consultancy report - Essay Example This report will try to establish whether it is possible for Cyclermate Company to clear off its debts and attain financial stability in the near future with the increasingly loss of profitability. Background information Cyclermate Company has been enjoying unprecedented growth in the manufacture of cycles for quite some time. However, the last few years have seen the profits of this company sink sharply resulting from declined sales. The company was started in 1988 by two friends, Lewis Llewellyn and Dai Armstrong who had been in this business of making cycles for more than 20 years.The two friends brought their wealth of experience together and they decided to start a cycle manufacturing business going by the name Cyclermate. Within just a span of slightly more than two years, the firm had expanded to an extent that the two friends decided to acquire premises from where they were conducting their business. With increased demand for their product, the staff also increased considerab ly but they still insisted on keeping the staff at a skeletal minimum to cut costs. Everything was done manually or through the use of old or effective machinery. Automation was discouraged as they couldn’t justify buying the machines that were to be used in bending of the bars to manufacture these cycles. The issue of quality with these cycles arose when a cycle had an accident and blamed it on the fault of a braking system. Sales have declined and with a few creditors, Linda Llewellyn, who is Lewi’s wife and she demands that her share of the business be given to her and along term loaner, Geraint Williams, who relies on the payments from this loan to take care of his ailing wife. There is much financial pressure on the business and if measures are not taken into place, financial strain could cause the business to close down (Campello, Graham, & Harvey, 2010; Bancel, & Mittoo,2011). To this regard, the chairman Dai Armstrong and Gwyneth Morgan the secretary were taske d with the prerogative of arranging for a meeting with the bank to negotiate the possibility of an overdraft. The bank had already stipulated that this request would be highly unlikely to be considered unless the company provides proof that there would be increased trading to turn around the declining profits. To be able to know for sure whether the company can be capable of turning around and consolidate itself on the financial front in the short run, a full overview and assessment of the country will be done in this report. A SWOT analysis will be conducted to identify the areas of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities as well as threats that face this company. The issue of quality in production will also be illuminated upon. Measures that the company is undertaking to ensure it reverses these negative profits will also be looked into among other relevant issues pertaining to this case. Assumptions made To be able to provide a comprehensive and granular analysis of the company in f orm of its financial position and other aspects such as production techniques as well as marketing strategies and administration strategies, a number of assumptions will have to be made here. These assumptions are discussed in the following paragraphs. The main assumption is that both the company management and the bank acknowledge that the company had been performing well in the past but the

How To Create Assessment Opportunities Essay Example for Free

How To Create Assessment Opportunities Essay Explain how to create assessment opportunities that meet the needs of learners – ‘Assessment is the term given to checking that learning has occurred. It may happen at any stage during the learner’s progress through their qualification’, page 112, Practical Teaching, a guide to DTTLS PTTLS, Wilson. ‘Assessment can be carried out before recruitment (at interview), at commencement (diagnostic and initial assessment), during and at the end of the lesson and at the end of the module, unit or programme.’ Page 268, Practical Teaching, a guide to DTTLS PTTLS, Wilson. Arrange lessons around frameworks, so teaching the subject to learners. Teachers will have to assess learning has occurred, regardless of whatever form of learning has taken place. By being consistent, ensuring that all assessments are completed to a level standard, and irrespective of when the learners are assessed the outcomes are constant. By making sure all learners have access to assessment, and it follows the criteria of equality and inclusion By ensuring learners have had the opportunity to have all areas of the subject covered, so no part has been missed By allowing the learners understand the purpose and meaning of the assessment Making all learners know how the assessment will take place Assessment isn’t something that takes place at the end of the module or at the end of the year, it can take place at the end of the lesson by asking the learners if they have understood what was covered in the lesson.

Australian Economic Review Essay Example for Free

Australian Economic Review Essay The calculation of poverty lines are published in the year 1987 and latest in the year 1996. (Australian Economic Review) Melbourne Institute analysis of poverty states that as per the year 2005, June first quarter, household disposable income per head stands at $477. 73 per week. View on Australia poverty states that there are 340,000 unemployed people and nearly 800,000 children are growing in jobless families (ACOSS). Payments for unemployed people are very low as just $200 per week for a single parent / jobless people continue to live in poverty. Poverty is evident in Australia due to various reasons such as single-parent families, inadequate education for people in families, unawareness of career opportunities and computer technology or lack of opportunities for employment or under development in suburban areas of Australia where people are not utilizing the resources of job opportunities or disinterested in advancing ahead with good standards of economic living, for all these reasons, in a macro perspective, G8 summit was focused on poverty all over the world. Poverty is prevalent all over the world, where it is quite apparent in some parts of the world and unseen in other parts of the world although the problem of poverty is persistent in gripping the lives of people. It is important here to define ‘poverty’ for clear understanding and demarking the poverty line. Widely accepted definition poverty states that â€Å"an enforced lack of socially perceived necessities†(ACOSS) which means that people are disabled or have deficient money flow to buy enough food, pay rent and stay in a good accommodation, good clothes, lack of clean water and electricity for non-payment of government charged bills which otherwise drive people to compromise and adjust with whatever comes in a way either by choice or by chance and compels to stay satisfied. Alleviation of poverty is a long-term process and mostly it is recurring in several states. In order to completely eliminate poverty, strong laws of social welfare and status of living standards must be construed in order to ensure economic growing of living as a whole in all nations particularly in Australia as this paper discusses. A thorough study and survey, research must be made in order to conclude and identify the ground reasons of poverty. ACOSS view on Australia poverty states that, firstly it is required to raise the income levels of people which will help parents and children to the process of thinking in making good opportunities and also offers satisfaction and comfort in living. Families with low education get placement in lower cadre jobs which carry low salaries, which otherwise emphasize that good and appropriate education is much more important to draw a bigger pay to meet the challenges of life style and family needs. This can never be reversed at any point of time. In Australia there are 11. 3 unemployed people who are not holding even a high school certificate as compared with 3 per cent of people who have a bachelor degree. This would further leaves greater impact on children such that, if 15 per cent of children are doing well whose parents have completed 10 STD, 44 per cent of children are outstandingly doing well whose parents have completed university education. This point clearly indicates that parents need good education, good job, good pay which in turn would help to lead children into a greater success areas. This cannot be achieved by a community or a societal organization whereas from the ground level, the work must begin i. e. from federal government and politicians who have to work hardly in bringing an efficient industries, developing infrastructure and creating employment areas and encourage people to advance in career and education for betterment of economic growth and also in satisfying the basic requirements of its people. In fact, for all governments of all nations, people and meeting the needs and basic demands must be its priority with the fact that, without people’s happiness, there cannot be healthy and prosperous nations. There is a huge gap between rich and wealthy people and poor people, which means that wealthy people continue to expand riches whereas poor and needy people continue to live in deteriorated poverty which is unacceptable and should not be encouraged keeping the future generations of children. A study of UNICEF confirms that Australia has 56. 2 per cent of children who are living with solo mothers which provides a fact that, how difficult it is for single mothers to make a status for living and in settling children. This is further confirmed by Australian Democrats, â€Å"Overall, the results demonstrate that unemployment continues to be a major cause of poverty in Australia and that employment only provides an escape when it comes in the form of a full-time job. Because many of the new jobs created over the last two decades have been either part-time or casual, they have not been sufficient, by themselves, to protect workers and their families from poverty†. (Peter Saunders of Social Policy Research Centre )

Scope And Delimitation Example

Scope And Delimitation Example INTRODUCTION Background of the Study In relation to the goal of Philippine political and economic development and social cohesiveness, there is a growing clamor to revisit and revive nationalism. In the Philippines, it has been recognized that the issue of nationalism is important in education. One of the goals of the Education Act of 1982 that serves as a guideline for elementary education, is to promote and intensify the childs knowledge of identification with, and love for the nation and the people to which he belongs (Department of Education, 2002, p.2). This objective is also hinged on the 1987 Constitution Article XIV, Section 3 (2) that states that the school shall inculcate patriotism and nationalism, foster love of humanity, respect for human rights, appreciation of the role of national heroes in the historical development of the country, teach the rights and duties of citizenship, strengthen ethical and spiritual values, develop moral character and personal discipline, encourage critical and creative thinking, broaden scientific and technological knowledge, and promote vocational efficiency (1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines, Department of Education, 2002, p.2). As agents of patriotism and nationalism, the school is mandated to cultivate pagka-Filipino in children. In compliance with the1987 Constitution and the Education Act of 1982, the Department of Education came up with the following objectives for the elementary education formal curriculum: (1) inculcation of spiritual and civic values and the development of a good Filipino based on an abiding faith in God and genuine love of country; (2) training of the young citizen in his rights, duties and responsibilities in a democratic society for active participation in a progressive and productive home and community life; (3) development of basic understanding about Philippine culture, the desirable tradition and virtues of our people as essential requisites in attaining national consciousness and solidarity (Department of Education, 2002, p.1-2). Moreover, the K to 12 Philippine Basic Education Curriculum also reflects the significance of teaching pagka-Filipino based on the Department of Educations curriculum guide. One of the desired outcomes of the implementation of the Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) is to develop learners who take pride in their cultural heritage and are proud to be Filipinos. In the National Early Learning Framework (NELF), the Filipino child is considered as the most important asset of our county. The NELF firmly believes that the Filipino child is a human being who loves God, parents, and country, is proud to be a Filipino, honors the customs, traditions and good values of the people, knows his/her basic rights, respects other cultures and is able to live in peace and harmony with all (Department of Education, 2012, p.3). As early as kindergarten, pagiging maka-Filipino or a national consciousness of being a Filipino is cultivated in the children, with the hope that this will lead to ardent nationalism, love of country and pride as a Filipino. The importance of teaching nationalism and national identity in the early grades has been established and promoted by the state and state institutions such as school and the Department of Education. However, a study on national identity among urban school children by Doronila (1986) showed that Filipino children favor other countries over their own, and this preference deepens as they mature. A similar study was also conducted among 3rd year High School students in Baguio City by Herrera and Robias (2010), and the findings revealed that although respondents exhibit a positive preference for things Filipino, these preferences have not yet been lifted to a level of consciousness that would make their manifestation of such personal preferences as expressive of their identity as Filipino, or as charters of national identity (Herrera & Robias, 2010, p.67). This suggests that national identity among Filipino youth is superficial. According to Yacat (2002), there are two kinds of pagka-Fili pino: Filipino by name which is shallow and Filipino by heart which is deeply-rooted. He further stressed the importance of the family where culture and Filipino identity take root and of the school which nurtures the idea of pagka-Filipino. Koh (2010) emphasized that it is during childhood that an individual starts to identify with the nation. She declared that childhood experience is commonly taken to be the bedrock upon which self-identity is built, and national consciousness is regarded by many as a key foundation of a modern persons identity (Koh, 2010, p.1). Furthermore, she saw the need for studies on how children perceive national identity. She stated children should be central to the study of national feeling, place-belonging, and citizenship. And yet, we do not know a great deal about how school-age children actually do relate to the idea of nation (Koh, 2010, p.2). The assertion of Koh (2010) and the studies by Doronila, Herrera and Robias, and Yacat presented two crucial issues: (1) superficial national identification among Filipinos and (2) lack of studies on national identity and childhood. This research seeks to address these two problems by focusing on early graders and their perspectives of pagka-Filipino. In Vygotskys social development theory (Ormrod, 2011), the child learns concepts through language and action. He asserts that development is connected to social context and that the childs developmental level should complement his learning. Hedges (2012) explained further that during the early childhood years, Vygotsky believed that everyday concepts were most prominent. According to Vygotsky, Everyday concepts emerged from childrens thinking about their daily experiences; that is, they occur spontaneously in the context of normal participation in family and community practices and activities (Hedges, 2012, P.145). By probing how children in the early grades perceive and construct their identity as Filipinos in the context of their everyday experiences, policy makers, teacher educators, curriculum developers, and early grades teachers will gain greater insight into how the concept of national identity and nationalism take root in every Filipino child. The childrens perspectives will improve the K to 12 Philippine Basic Education Curriculum and its implementation. This study also investigates the perspectives of pagka-Filipino of early graders, based on locally-published picture books. This will hopefully add another dimension to the pedagogical aspect that can be gained from the childrens perspectives. Hillman (2003) described the picture book as the childs gateway to the world, the first step outside the childs immediate environment. The precise combination of art and words is a powerful experience because it triggers the imagination & introduces concepts for cognitive and language development (Hillman, 2003, p.89). Aquino (2009) said that childrens literature activates the schema of the child and presents vicarious experiences that encourage cognitive processes such as assimilation and accommodation. Piagets stages of cognitive development (Ormrod, 2011) show that as a child matures, he/she assimilates and accommodates knowledge, acquiring schemas through experience. Like building blocks, a child can create a castle by adding a block with e very bit of information learned. The existing blocks are used to widen the childs body of knowledge. These blocks form the childs schema and schema can be influenced by social and cultural experiences and interactions with text and illustrations found in picture books. Children learn by constructing their own knowledge. Carlsson-Paige (2001) states that children actively construct meaning for themselves. These meanings, unique to each child, are embedded in family and culture and are built over time (Carlsson-Paige, 2001, p.17). She further claims that through stories, children can build new meanings by referring to their personal meanings and experiences. Picture books are effective material to find out in concrete terms the pagka-Filipino of early graders. How the children perceive the words and images in the picture book that depict pagka-Filipino will enrich the concept of pagka-Filipino itself. The Filipino icons in the text and illustrations in picture books are concrete items that children can identify with. Through this study, early graders specifically Grade 1 and Grade 2 children will be engaged in defining pagka-Filipino according to their perspectives and in their own words. By sitting down and talking with the children themselves, know ledge will be gained on how they shape and restructure the concept of national identity. This research attempted to fill the gap of the study on national identity and perspectives of early graders based on picture books and their experiences. Drawing from Kohs statement that it is through everyday living experiences that the children experience the nation (Koh, 2010, p. 174) and following Vygotskys claim that everyday concepts emerged from childrens thinking about their daily experiences; that is, they occur spontaneously in the context of normal participation in family and community practices and activities (Hedges, 2012, P.145), it can be deduced that the everyday arena is important in the childs formation of the concept of pagka-FilipinoÃÆ'‚Â  as supported by Almario and Almario (2009) specifically on Filipino games and further, by Koh (2010) on habituated routines. Therefore, it can be assumed that everyday experiences and concrete materials surrounding the childs routines such as games, food, clothes, animals, famous people, things commonly used and activiti es often engaged in, are important domains to investigate in this study. Cook, G. and Cook, J. (2009) also stressed that socialization and differential experiences play roles in gender differences and this affects childrens perspectives (Cook, G. & Cook, J., 2009, p. 362). Comparing the similarities and differences in the early graders responses by gender and grade level will provide new layers on the childrens insights on pagka-Filipino. Research Objectives The objectives of this research were: To probe how children in the early grades perceive and construct their identity as Filipinos in the context of their everyday experiences. To investigate the perspectives of pagka-Filipino of early graders, based on the text and illustrations of locally-published picture books. To broaden way of understanding the childrens construction and definition of pagka-Filipino according to their perspectives and in their own words. To compare the early graders perspectives of pagka-Filipino by gender and grade level. Statement of the Problem Specifically, this research sought to answer the following questions: What are the urban low-income childrens perspectives of pagka-Filipino based on their experiences? What are the urban low-income childrens perspectives of pagka-Filipino based on the text of picture books? Significance of the Study The results of the study will hopefully aid the Department of Educations curriculum division and the National Commission for the Culture and the Arts in developing a National Cultural Education Plan that will bring about appreciation of our culture, genuine love for our county and our pride in being a Filipino. It is also the hope of this study to raise the consciousness of publishers, writers, and illustrators to inculcate nationalism and Filipino pride in their published stories and other forms of literature for the early grades. This study of young learners perspectives of Pagka-Filipino and its depiction in picture books may be useful to our early grades teachers as a benchmark or yardstick on national identity formation and the corresponding interventions. Hopefully, it will also help educators in modifying their curriculum and teaching strategies based on what children know about our nation and their perspectives of being a Filipino. The research will also provide new directions for further studies that can be explored related to this topic. Furthermore, the study aims for the enhancement of the Teacher Education Instruction, especially Teaching in the Early Grades, Early Childhood Education, and other related programs, through growing emphasis on nationalism in their curriculum so that our future teachers will inculcate love of country in Filipino children as early as the early grades. Scope and Delimitation of the Study The study is descriptive in nature and focused on early graders belonging to low-families as identified by the National Statistical Coordination Board. The research sample is composed of forty (40) Grade 1 and Grade 2 students residing in two barangays in Quezon City. The primary data gathering method used was interview to determine the childrens perspectives of Pagka-Filipino based on their experiences and through their interactions with ten (10) locally-published picture books written by Filipino authors. This research used purposive and convenience sampling in which an equal representation for gender and grade level among the respondents was applied. The gathered data were analyzed using frequency distribution and coding. Verbatim quotes from the respondents were used. The research data was based on interview of early grades children based on their experiences and interaction with selected picture books. It focused on gender and grade level as variables in interpreting their perspectives of pagka-Filipino. The study is delimited to a group of Grade 1 and Grade 2 children coming from a socially-disadvantaged group in an urban area. Perspectives on pagka-Filipino is delimited to early graders everyday experiences on games Filipino children play, food Filipino children eat, clothes Filipino children wear, animals in the Philippines they know, famous Filipinos they know, things Filipino children use and activities Filipino children engage in; interactions with the text and illustration of selected picture books. In this research, Filipino icons were delimited to those identified by the National Commission for the Culture and the Arts Essential Knowledge on Philippine Arts, Culture and Heritage for the Basic Education Curriculum (EKPACHBEC) for Grade 1 and 2 (See Appendix A) and Adarna Houses 101 Filipino Icons Volumes I and II (2007, 2009). According to Wright (1998), there exists a politicization of culture wherein there is a political process of contestation over the power to define key concepts, including that of culture itself (Wright, 1998, p.14). In this case, the researcher is aware of the politics involved in the identification of Filipino icons by a state institution and a commercial publisher. CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK This chapter is divided into the review of related literature and studies, the conceptual framework and definition of terms. The review of related literature discusses Schema Theory and Vygotskys Social Development Theory on which the study is anchored on, and the pertinent studies on children regarding (1) schema theory/culture schemata; (2) national identity and pagka-Filipino; (3) national identity among early grades children; (4) childrens literature, storytelling, and national identity; (5) picture books; (6) picture books and pagka-Filipino; and (7) gender and picture books. Schema Theory Piaget is the proponent of schema theory (Ormrod, 2011). He said that as a child matures, he/she assimilates and accommodates knowledge, acquiring schemata through experience. Like building blocks, a child can create a castle by adding a block with every bit of information learned. The existing blocks are used to widen the childs body of knowledge. These blocks form the childs schema and schema can be influenced by social and cultural experiences and interactions with text and illustrations found in picture books. In Piagets Theory of Cognitive Development, children from two to seven years old belong to the preoperational stage and can already express themselves and describe the world through words and images. R.C. Anderson (Widmayer, 2003 in Lee & Tsai, 2004), an educational psychologist, expanded the schema theory which proposes that our understanding or knowledge of the world is composed of organized network of abstract mental structures. Widmayer (2003), added that schema is used to interpret and predict situations (in Lee & Tsai, 2004). It was further proposed that each person possesses a unique set of schema which is built from the individuals cognitive processes and experiences (Lee & Tsai, 2004). Based on the schema theory, Lee and Tsai (2004) further suggest that individuals learn or acquire knowledge in three ways: accretation, tuning, and restructuring. Accretation involves assimilating new information into existing schema without any changes to overall schema. Tuning, on the other hand, entails modification of existing schema when it is inadequate for the encountered new information/knowledge, while restructuring involves creating a new schema for situations wherein there is inconsistency between the new information/knowledge and the old schema. Accretion is parallel to Piagets assimilation while tuning and restructuring are similar to accommodation. McVee, Dunsmore & Gayelek (2005), in a review of schema theory, indicated that schema theory was particularly prominent in the 1970s especially on the role of schema in reading, adding that the focus shifted to sociocultural theories in the 80s and 90s. The authors further pointed out the importance of the schema theory, particularly its utility in understanding the individuals prior knowledge and its role in comprehension and in understanding the reading process. Social Development Theory In Vygotskys Social Development Theory, engaging in social practice plays a critical role in the development of the child. Through socialization, children construct their own knowledge, form concepts, and actively find meaning to make sense of the world. It is a fundamental form of learning and cognition; consciousness is the result of interaction with other people within a shared experience. In this shared socio-cultural context, children use tools within a culture, such as signs, symbols, and language, to function in the social environment. Children assimilate language-a ready-made product of socio-historical development-and use it to analyze, generalize, and encode experience (Luriia, 1976, p. 9). Gleaning from Vygotskys semantic and system structure of consciousness, Luriia states that words are the fundamental units of consciousness reflecting the external world (Luriia, 1976, p. 9). Vygotsky believed that concept formation is rooted in the use of words which acquire different meanings at successive stages of development (Luriia, 1976, p. 50). It is interesting to note how Vygotsky described the thinking process of a child. At first, the child thinks by remembering but when he/she reaches adolescence, he/she remembers by thinking. According to Luriia, this is because an adolescent no longer generalizes on the basis of his immediate impressions but isolates certain distinct attributes of objects as the basis of categorization (1976, p. 52). This illustrates the movement from social to individual consciousness, a consciousness that is shaped and enriched by the childs participation in the society. Hedges (2012) explained further that during the early childhood years, Vygotsky believed that everyday concepts were most prominent. According to Vygotsky, Everyday concepts emerged from childrens thinking about their daily experiences, that is, they occur spontaneously in the context of normal participation in family and community practices and activities (Hedges, 2012, P.145) Studies on Schema Theory and Culture Schemata Webster (2001) examines the effect of culture schemata on reading comprehension of ninety-six 9th Grade students in four honor classes in Maryland. He analyzes the responses of the students to multicultural stories focusing on cultural awareness along with its significance to reading, comprehension, and learning. Results reveal varying response to the stories even for those with the same cultural background because of the respondents unique personalities and experiences. Of note are the responses of some participants who restructured their schemata to deal with new information. The respondents eventually assimilated the information from the storybooks which they initially rejected. Findings show that the participants are culturally aware and that cultural awareness aids the students in reading comprehension. However, the study is not clear on whether the similarity between the participants and the story (culture) helped them in reading it. Still, the results of the research support p ast studies which indicate that students tend to learn more information that are complementing or in congruence with their cultural background. Webster (2001) recommends a wholistic approach to culture, especially in education research. He calimed that, it should cover not just ethnicity and race but also extend to the individuals age, gender, education, religion, social class, politics, physical condition, sexual orientation, nationality, and residence. Furthermore, as the students are becoming more aware of the multicultural nature of their world, teachers are encouraged to take a multicultural perspective so as to reach out to their students. Kreishan and Saidat (2011), on the other hand, examine the impact of content schema on reading comprehension focusing on how religious and cultural schemata affect Jordanian students comprehension of English texts. Respondents are one hundred 10th Grade Arab Muslim students randomly selected and evenly distributed based on gender. Four reading texts were used to measure reading comprehension, two of which are of the participants culture and religion whereas the other two are of different or foreign culture and religion. Based on the results of the tests and interviews, the reading comprehension of participants tested in the familiar texts, which reflects native religion and culture, exhibited significantly higher performance. Findings indicate that cultural background can trigger schemata and improve comprehension. In light of the result, the authors recommend stimulating prior knowledge first on the subject matter before reading. Other recommendations were also mentioned such as imp roving texts to reflect various aspects of culture, religion, and local problems of the country; making use of the Internet to further learning and for better comprehension; and Islamicization, Jordanization, and Arabicization of English materials especially its cultural content. Further studies suggested include effect of extended time on comprehension and effect of other variables on reading comprehension such as the font of texts. The research of Lee & Tsai (2004) explores the impact of stories on young children particularly, on how childrens schema can be augmented by stories. The authors present a model to understand how stories affect quality of schemas among seven- year old children. The model suggests that there are three main sources of stories for the children: family members, teachers, and friends. The process would then involve decoding the stories and relating it with their already acquired concepts (accretating or no change to existing schemas). In cases of new knowledge, the model indicates that the new information will go through tuning (modification of existing schemas) or restructuring (forming new schemas). With children who are inquisitive and eager to learn, the model signifies that there is a higher chance of forming new schemas than modifying existing schemas among young children. The authors state that stories can enhance the quality of schemas of children and with it, the childrens level of interpretation, prediction, and understanding. Thus, there is a proposal that more stories would increase the childrens schemata of the world. Moreover, the authors further linked the quality of schemas to problem solving, suggesting that gaining more life experience would enhance problem solving ability. Although cognitively, females develop verbal and language skills at a younger age and are more talkative, Cook, G. and Cook, J. (2009) stressed that socialization and differential experiences play roles in gender differences and this affects childrens perspectives (Cook, G. & Cook, J., 2009, p. 362). National Identity and Pagka-Filipino In their study of national identity among high school students, Herrera and Robias cited William Blooms definition of national identity as a condition in which a mass of people have made the same identification with national symbolshave internalized the symbols of the nation so that they may act as one psychological group when there is a threat to, or the possibility of enhancement of, their symbols of national identity (in Herrera & Robias, 2010, p.10). This coincides with Doronilas (1986) research on the meaning of Filipino national identity conducted among urban school children using a 35-item National Identity Scale (NIS) for Students. The questions were based on the four value patterns namely: (1) ethnocentrism; (2) valuing socio-historical aspects reflective of national identity; (3) loyalty to the national state beyond ethnic loyalties; (4) commitment to the role requirements of citizenship (Doronila, 1986, p.11-12). Under each value pattern are a set of orientation or attitud es that serve as defining parameters for national identity. The 16 attitudes are either essentialist or epochalist in nature, using Geertz forms of national consciousness. Doronila agreed with Geertz that essentialist aspects of national ideologizing are the initial point of identification. The essentialist aspects are national symbols, generalized love of country, and appreciation of cultural aspects. Her findings reveal that Filipino children favor other countries over their own and this preference deepens as they mature. Brown (2000) explains the constructivist approach to national identity. He claims that it is constructed on the basis of institutional or ideological frameworks which offer simple and simplistic formulas of identity, and diagnoses of contemporary problems, to otherwise confused and insecure individuals (Brown, 2000, p.20). For children, social institutions like family and school help in shaping their national identity. Herrera and Robias (2010) adapted Doronilas NIS to find out the perspectives of national identity among third year high school students in Baguio City. The results showed that although respondents exhibit a positive preference for things Filipino, these preferences have not yet been lifted to a level of consciousness that would make their manifestation of such personal preferences as expressive of their identity as Filipino, or as charters of national identity (Herrera & Robias, 2010, p.67). This suggests that even at the age of adolescence, Filipinos are still on the essentialist level of identifying with our nation. The study also shows that Filipinos are perceived as industrious and family-oriented people. In a study on pagka-Filipino, Yacat (2002) claimed that there are two kinds of pagka-Filipino: Filipino by name which is shallow and Filipino by heart which is deeply-rooted. He provided several sources of knowledge which he acknowledged as important in the process of being a Filipino. Among them are family, school, community, and mass media. He further stressed the importance of the family where culture and Filipino identity take root and of the school which nurtures the idea of pagka-Filipino. Moreover, Yacat (2002) elaborates that the consciousness of being a Filipino starts through the observed external experiences of the people and is imbibed internally only through teachings and learning through their own experience. Thus, the individuals sense of pagka-Filipino depends on the kind and type of information being processed and accepted. David (2009) asserts that our consciousness of pagka-Filipino does not come automatically. Knowing the national symbols is not enough. These should not only remind us that we are Filipinos but also of our commitment as Filipinos. Being aware that we are part of one country should be deeper than the mere singing of the national anthem (David, 2009). Felipe de Leon Jr., Chair of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts, emphasizes that pride in being a Filipino leads to national development. He further claimed that it requires a deep sense of identity to claim what is ours. Moreover, to achieve national unity, there must be a generalized pride for our country and a genuine love for the Philippines. Taking to heart this national sense of being a Filipino should be a collective WE feeling that translates to national unity and economic success (Abueva, 1999). Sanchez presents a way to achieve these shared aspirations of Filipinos through education. She states further, This national consciousness will then help define our identity as a people and lead us to work towards the attainment of common goals for our society (2002, p.2). Sanchez (2002) explains that Filipinos have a shared schema, knowledge and culture known as cultural literacy. Her study measured the cultural literacy of high school students. The study yielded disappointing results: students from private and public schools do not have adequate knowledge of Philippine art, not one respondent reached the passing score of 50. Equally worth discussing is the teachers performance: only 20% received a passing score in the same cultural literacy test. The cultural literacy test was based on a canon/ must know checklist of cultural items that every grade VI and fourth year high school should know. According to Wright (1998), there exists a politicization of culture wherein there is a political process of contestation over the power to define key concepts, including that of culture itself (Wright, 1998, p.14). The National Commission for the Culture and the Arts (NCCA) is a state institution that defines culture and cultural icons. In 2004, the NCCA started work on the Philippine Cultural Index Project (PCIP), the key project of its Philippine Cultural Education Plan (PCEP). The PCIP is a massive research, database enrichment, computerization and publication program that would provide a national database on culture and the arts in the Philippines (Asia-Pacific Cultural Centre for UNESCO, 2005, p.7). One of the outputs of PCIP is the Essential Knowledge on Philippine Arts, Culture and Heritage for the Basic Education Curriculum (EKPACHBEC) for elementary and secondary level (See Appendix A). The EKPACHBEC is a concise list of important people/institutions, events, places, and ob jects for each grade level up to high school. Adarna House also came out with 101 Filipino Icons Volumes 1 and 2 (2007, 2009). Virgilio Almario, National Artist for Literature, defined Filipino icons as events, objects, places, and people significant in Philippine history and valued by majority of Filipinos. He further stated that these icons can influence our pagka-Filipino and pride in being a Filipino. National Identity Among Early Grades Children The paper Findings, Theories and Methods in the Study of Childrens National Identifications and National Attitudes (Barrett & Oppenheimer, 2011)

The Role Of Decision Making In The Pre-crisis Period Of India (15 Marc :: essays research papers fc

The Role of Decision Making in the Pre-Crisis Period of India (15 March, 1959 - 7 September, 1962) More than thirty years have passed since the dramatic cling of arm in the remote Himalayan region of the Sino-Indian border. This Time gap seems to be appropriate for a correct reexamination of the conflict. The account of India's attempt to find balance with China, ever since the Kongska Pass incident in 1959 until the attack of 1962, is not merely a fact sheet that we can brows and toss and toss away. In stead we have to link each idea to the event and causes that might have played a role in the conflict. Ever since 1959 the border problem between Asia's biggest two nation- states has been picking up speed at a threatening speed. The year 1962 was the unfortunate year for India which knocked out any possibility of understanding between China and India. Of course, such an act of terror could have not started without some kind of the reason, whatever it may be. The chronological order of pre-crisis decisions taken India's authorities are of great importance. The role of the decision-makers before the time of the armed conflict had a big significance for India's position on political and economic matters in the continent of Asia. A major figure in India's decision making was Jawaharlal Nehru, leader of the Congress Party, head of the Planning Commission and chief spokesman of the government in Parliament. These titles not only made him an important nationalistic figure but also Gandhi's appointed heir and a "major architect of India's political institutions" (Brecher, 1959). Krishna Menon, "the controversial defense minister consulted in almost every issue" along with Pandit Govind Ballabh Pant was also a figure of great importance (Langyel, 1962). This importance was mainly derived from the fact that both shared the same overall world view of Nehru. However, in order to understand the cruicial importance of decision-makers, we shall looked seperately at each of India's top men. Menon was highly important and useful to Nehru in the essence that the latter helped Nehru convey his thought and policies to the outside world in a forceful and organized manner (Brecher, 1959). But as Rajani Palme Dutt said in his book "The problem of India," foreign policy was exercised "more behind the scenes than in meetings of the committee." Both Menon and Nehru acted to the desire of Nehru. It was often when the Foreign secretary would take to Pant drafts of diplomatic correspondence and get the reaction which was usually at Nehru's request (Hoffmann,1990). Foreign policy makers Nehru, Menon and Pant shared a common world view The Role Of Decision Making In The Pre-crisis Period Of India (15 Marc :: essays research papers fc The Role of Decision Making in the Pre-Crisis Period of India (15 March, 1959 - 7 September, 1962) More than thirty years have passed since the dramatic cling of arm in the remote Himalayan region of the Sino-Indian border. This Time gap seems to be appropriate for a correct reexamination of the conflict. The account of India's attempt to find balance with China, ever since the Kongska Pass incident in 1959 until the attack of 1962, is not merely a fact sheet that we can brows and toss and toss away. In stead we have to link each idea to the event and causes that might have played a role in the conflict. Ever since 1959 the border problem between Asia's biggest two nation- states has been picking up speed at a threatening speed. The year 1962 was the unfortunate year for India which knocked out any possibility of understanding between China and India. Of course, such an act of terror could have not started without some kind of the reason, whatever it may be. The chronological order of pre-crisis decisions taken India's authorities are of great importance. The role of the decision-makers before the time of the armed conflict had a big significance for India's position on political and economic matters in the continent of Asia. A major figure in India's decision making was Jawaharlal Nehru, leader of the Congress Party, head of the Planning Commission and chief spokesman of the government in Parliament. These titles not only made him an important nationalistic figure but also Gandhi's appointed heir and a "major architect of India's political institutions" (Brecher, 1959). Krishna Menon, "the controversial defense minister consulted in almost every issue" along with Pandit Govind Ballabh Pant was also a figure of great importance (Langyel, 1962). This importance was mainly derived from the fact that both shared the same overall world view of Nehru. However, in order to understand the cruicial importance of decision-makers, we shall looked seperately at each of India's top men. Menon was highly important and useful to Nehru in the essence that the latter helped Nehru convey his thought and policies to the outside world in a forceful and organized manner (Brecher, 1959). But as Rajani Palme Dutt said in his book "The problem of India," foreign policy was exercised "more behind the scenes than in meetings of the committee." Both Menon and Nehru acted to the desire of Nehru. It was often when the Foreign secretary would take to Pant drafts of diplomatic correspondence and get the reaction which was usually at Nehru's request (Hoffmann,1990). Foreign policy makers Nehru, Menon and Pant shared a common world view

The Cause of the Devastation of Hurricane Katrina Essay -- Natural Dis

The historical event of Hurricane Katrina, a category three hurricane with winds ranging from 111-130 mph, in August 2005 revealed major structural failures in the levee systems of New Orleans. Though not all structural failures are as catastrophic, the breeched levees led to loss of life, homes, businesses, highways, and left a trail of destruction that is still being repaired today. The result of this failure led to lawsuits, conspiracy theories, and court cases. Hurricane Katrina had a major effect upon our country and those results are still rippling on today. Though a city once devastated, major improvements to the failed system have been made and leave the city feeling safe once again. When Hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans with its fierce intensity, the lives of its inhabitants was forever changed. The winds rose and the waves crashed upon the only security system this, below sea level, city had against the many water systems surrounding it. Most people think that the waves simply rose up over the banks and levees of the city; however, evidence proves this thought wrong. The actual reason New Orleans was flooded was due to poor engineering. According to experts, two thirds of the tragic flooding could have been prevented. Thousands of homes could have been saved if the engineers responsible for building New Orleans’s levees had followed regulatory guidelines. After the shock of Hurricane Katrina slightly diminished, the Congress ordered a congressional inspection of the federally build levee system. As they dug deeper into the cause of the levee’s failure, they began to discover flaws in the actual engineering of the levees. Three of the levees that had the most prominently negative effect on the city, and ... ...cane to protect the rich and middle class, and some blame President Bush. In conclusion, Hurricane Katrina had devastating effects on the city of New Orleans. I believe the blame was portioned correctly onto the heads of the engineers responsible for building the levees. Not enough care or attention to detail was put into the construction of the levees, and resulted in death and devastation. When it comes to the safety of people, all measures must be taken and no cost spared. This historical event learned from that, and great improvements were made to the protection system in New Orleans. Works Cited Hurricane Katrina. [online] 14 October 2010. http://en.www.wikipedia.org/wiki/effects_of_HurricaneKatrina_in_New_Orleans Parker Waichman Alonso LLP. Levee Failure. [online] 17 October 2010. http://www.yourlawyer.com/topics/overview/levee_failure The Cause of the Devastation of Hurricane Katrina Essay -- Natural Dis The historical event of Hurricane Katrina, a category three hurricane with winds ranging from 111-130 mph, in August 2005 revealed major structural failures in the levee systems of New Orleans. Though not all structural failures are as catastrophic, the breeched levees led to loss of life, homes, businesses, highways, and left a trail of destruction that is still being repaired today. The result of this failure led to lawsuits, conspiracy theories, and court cases. Hurricane Katrina had a major effect upon our country and those results are still rippling on today. Though a city once devastated, major improvements to the failed system have been made and leave the city feeling safe once again. When Hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans with its fierce intensity, the lives of its inhabitants was forever changed. The winds rose and the waves crashed upon the only security system this, below sea level, city had against the many water systems surrounding it. Most people think that the waves simply rose up over the banks and levees of the city; however, evidence proves this thought wrong. The actual reason New Orleans was flooded was due to poor engineering. According to experts, two thirds of the tragic flooding could have been prevented. Thousands of homes could have been saved if the engineers responsible for building New Orleans’s levees had followed regulatory guidelines. After the shock of Hurricane Katrina slightly diminished, the Congress ordered a congressional inspection of the federally build levee system. As they dug deeper into the cause of the levee’s failure, they began to discover flaws in the actual engineering of the levees. Three of the levees that had the most prominently negative effect on the city, and ... ...cane to protect the rich and middle class, and some blame President Bush. In conclusion, Hurricane Katrina had devastating effects on the city of New Orleans. I believe the blame was portioned correctly onto the heads of the engineers responsible for building the levees. Not enough care or attention to detail was put into the construction of the levees, and resulted in death and devastation. When it comes to the safety of people, all measures must be taken and no cost spared. This historical event learned from that, and great improvements were made to the protection system in New Orleans. Works Cited Hurricane Katrina. [online] 14 October 2010. http://en.www.wikipedia.org/wiki/effects_of_HurricaneKatrina_in_New_Orleans Parker Waichman Alonso LLP. Levee Failure. [online] 17 October 2010. http://www.yourlawyer.com/topics/overview/levee_failure

Body Communication :: essays research papers

The methodology of the social sciences has evolved slowly. In this evolution, criticism has always performed an important function. Through the continuous interchange of ideas, information, and criticism, it became possible to institutionalize commonly accepted rules and procedures and to develop corresponding methods and techniques. This system of rules and procedures is the normative component of the scientific methodology. It defines the â€Å"rules of the game,† and these in turn enable communication, constructive criticism, and scientific progress. Knowledge comes from experience. By observing what is happening around us in our every day lives, we gain knowledge through visual digestion of our environment. Body communication of other people helps you to know and understand how you will interact with that person or audience. Communicating successfully in front of an audience requires actions and qualities not found in writing. Facial expressions, gestures, and appearance are important qualities for communicating in front of an audience. Posture, I feel is most important. You should stand erect, but relaxed with your weight apportioned on both feet, avoid leaning and slouching. Feeling comfortable while you stand will give you a natural feeling about yourself. Movement while you are speaking can help you, but if done incorrectly it may harm you. You should move from side to side, rather than back and forth. This should not be a continuous motion, you do not want to look petrified. Moving physically may decrease nervousness, especially as you approach the lectern. Emphasis in stressing a point while speaking using facial gestures. The audience will follow you more easily when your movement suggests an idea of importance and holds the groups attention. Your appearance and facial expressions allow the audience to determine how you feel about your topic. On the other hand if you are frowning or glaring you may convey non-verbal impressions that you are worried, angry, or not interested. Your enthusiasm will reflect upon your listeners. Gestures such as hand, arm, shoulder, and head movement are used to emphasize, such as a rejection by raising your hand or making a fist. You can also use your hands to point at an object or describe the size of something. Communication can be done without speaking. It is amazing how we can express ourselves in this carefree way. It is important to feel good when you speak, This will make you more relaxed and your words will flow with ease.

Character Analysis of Yusef Komunyakaa “Facing It” Essay

Thesis Statement: * Topic- Yusef Komunyakaa â€Å"Facing It† * Critical Opinion-Viewing the Vietnam Veterans Memorial often brings back many real and uneasy memories for a Vietnam Veteran. * Blueprint- 1. Experienced 2. Emotionally scarred 3.Reflective Outline Thesis Statement: As a veteran of the Vietnam War, Yusef Komunyakaa revisited the experiences and pain of having been in one of the most difficult wars in US History. I. Komunyakaa, again, experiences the sights, the memories of things that happened years ago. A. The friends that were made there and then lost. B. Experiences blend in a twisted tangle in his mind. C. His experience cannot be separated from who he is. II. As Yusef Komunyakaa goes down the list of names he half expects to find his name. A. He wants to be stone; to be able to be solid, to show no emotion. B. His scares are deep and painful. C. These experiences are still so real that he cannot free himself from them. III. Yusef Komunyakaa began to reflect on all the things that had been pushed from his mind for years. A. Yusef Komunyakaa’s reflection takes him back into the blackness of the war B. It becomes clear that everything in the present reflects the pain in his past. C. This visit to the Vietnam Veterans Memorial causes him to reflect on things that were very painful. Gerald Smith Ms. Brooks COMP 1023 Feb. 4, 2013 As a young man goes off to war there are often preparations for the possible loss of life, whether it is added life insurance, loss of income insurance, or just making sure that loved ones are taken care of. What are often overlooked are the losses that occur when the soldiers return home. In his poem â€Å"Facing It,† Yusef Komunyakaa, writes about the struggles of living after his experiences during the Vietnam War. As a veteran of the Vietnam War, Yusef Komunyakaa revisits the experiences and pain of having been in one of the most difficult wars in US History, as he visits the Vietnam Veterans Memorial. Viewing the Vietnam Veterans Memorial often brings back many real and uneasy memories for a Vietnam Veteran. In â€Å"Facing It† he shows that he has, experienced the pain of war; been scared by war, and reflected on the results of war. Many years later many of these experiences still return in haunting vivid detail. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial brings back many experiences in very real, life-like detail. Komunyakaa, again, experiences the sights, the memories of things that happened years ago. â€Å"The booby trap’s white flash† (Komunyakaa 847) that killed Andrew Johnson. The experience of being there, seeing first-hand the atrocities of war. The friends that were made there and then lost. As these things are relived, the experiences, while old, become new again. These experiences blend in a twisted tangle in his mind. He sees woman trying to erase the names (Komunyakaa 847) possibly much like he tried to erase the experiences from his mind. The names remain, the experience cannot be erased. With eyes â€Å"like a bird of pray† (Komunyakaa 847) he watches himself in the reflection of his past. He sees that his experience cannot be separated from who he is. The stone represents the war; depending on how the light hit it he is still in it. The emotional scars are so real that as Yusef Komunyakaa goes down the list of names he is â€Å"half expecting to find my own† (Komunyakaa 847). He realizes that in a way he too was a casualty of the war. Although he was not physically killed, a part of him was dead (or at least wanted to be). These experiences are still so real, so fresh, that he cannot free himself from them. He wants to be stone; to be able to be solid, to show no emotion. He had promised himself that he would not cry (Komunyakaa 847), and yet there he was fighting back the tears. His scares are deep and painful; no way to escape his own penetrating gazes; his own demons that haunt him from the memory of this war. As he looks at the names, he sees a white vet in front of him; he has lost his right arm in the stone, much as Komunyakaa has lost so much in the war. Facing the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall, Yusef Komunyakaa began to reflect on all the things that had been pushed from his mind for years. His face blending into the black granite, Yusef Komunyakaa’s reflection takes him back into the blackness of the war (847). He sees that he is still fighting a war that had ended decades before. As he paces before the Vietnam Veterans War Memorial, it becomes clear that everything in the present reflects the pain in his past. The buddies lost; the innocence of youth torn from the young men and women as they struggle to fulfill the demands of their country. As he watches, a lady brushes a boy’s hair, yet he sees the cutting wings of a plane as it is on a bomb run (Komunyakaa 847). This visit to the Vietnam Veterans Memorial causes him to reflect on things that were very painful. He didn’t run, but became part of the memorial, as the shadows take him from an observer to inside the stone, inside the war; he had been trying to escape from (Komunyakaa 847). Yusef Komunyakaa has shown that the experiences that he lives with daily closely reflect the things that he experienced during the Vietnam War. The things of everyday life often cause the memories to come flooding back. As he views the memorial many graphic and disturbing memories come roaring back. Standing at the memorial, he becomes lost in the granite wall (Komunyakaa 847). He deals with the emotions, the sights, the experiences as he reflects on the things that have happened so long ago. Although it has been years since his comrade had been killed, he sees everything clearly. The emotional scars are deep and long lasting. Komunyakaa experiences a torrent of painful memories as he stands at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, â€Å"Facing It.† Work Cited Yusef Komunyakaa. â€Å"Facing It.† Literature: An introduction to Reading and Writing. Ed. Edgar V. Roberts and Robert Zweig. 10th ed. New York: Pearson Longman. 2012. 847. Print.

Adultery in Madame Bovary vs Story of Zahra

Adultery act by women in worldy societies is considered a sin as hearty as an venture of treason towards their families and towards their hubbys. In Flauberts Madame Bovary and al- Shaykhs The constitution of Zahra some(prenominal) the protagonists, Emma and Zahra, commit criminal conversation in order to run away from unpleasant realities of their resilients. Emma commits adultery in order to play the boredom of wed breeding with her husband Charles as head as to set about(predicate) square(a) love which thunder mug still be found in the fantasize novels she has read.Zahra, on the some different hand, commits adultery in order to forget her turbulent long time of childhood, to deal with the ongoing inertia of her behavior and to flee the harsh realities of the ongoing civic war. However the touch it has on both the protagonist and the people around them be quite different which reveals their contrasting personalities as well as the distinctive societies they live in. One of the most important aspects of adultery commit by Emma and Zahra is what advert it has on themselves. Mesmerized by her raw sienna Rodolphe, redden though she is married to Charles, Emma decides to render an procedure with him.Her thoughts during their intimacy were she reveled in it without remorse, without disquiet, without anxiety. This shows that her act of betrayal has not affected her hotshot bit. In fact, she believes that her adulterous ways has do her lifespanlong dream come true not to mention that it has a standardized do her distorted vision of love and happiness come true. She never spoke of conglutination to her lover and we see no subscribe to of Rodolphe taking care of her. Emma call ford gladness from her adulteries with Rodolphe which shows her selfishness as well as her inability to care for her husband.Furthermore, erstwhile Emma started an affair with Rodolphe, the affinity between these two becomes stronger than ever and w hich results in them becoming inseparable lovers. However, she fails to realize that she has been gentlemanipulated for her lovers personal gains and this leads her to a avenue of self-destructiveness. Although found in a correspondent situation, the rival it has on Zahra differs entirely. Dealing with a genuinely turbulent childhood, where she witnessed as well as experienced her fathers brutality, she f entirelys in love with a married man, Malek.As time progresses, the descent between them grows stronger. Their relationship comes to a map where the thought of marriage arises. As Zahra says real shortsighted during their relationship, his refusal to marry her had little take on it. Her thoughts after having committed infidelities with him were I thought I could influence him that was my delusion. He would lift my skirt casually, not regular b othering to undress me completely before devising love to me. All at once I would be filled with nauseate and contempt. contr ary Emma, Zahra actually loved her aficionado and redden asked him to marry her.This shows her adjunct towards him and how much she cared for him til now though he married to other womanhood. However, once Zahra started committing adultery with him, her attitude towards him changes radically. She realizes that he does not love her at all and deceives her into having sex with her by explaining how women should be hardened equally to men whilst penetrating her virginity. The adulteries committed by the protagonists of these two novels not however bewilder an push on them, plainly it has also impacted their husbands with whom they vowed to cherish the equalizer of their lives with.Emma kept her adulteries with other men so secretive that it was not until her death when her husband, Charles, would witness out about her infidelities. He would unity day stumble across the letter from Rodolphe. After reading them, he would ruminate on what was written to himself He endeavored, however, to adopt himself into a devotional frame of mind, to float himself up with hope of a futurity life, in which he would see her once more. This demonstrates that even though Emma had deceived him during their marriage, he lock away loved her and even wanted to drop down another lifetime with her.The letters do have a big impact on him as he lives and dies in seclusion during the latter years of his life, but the fact that during his last days he lives his life the way Emma did shows his emotional attachment towards her as well as how she was discipline him even though she was dead. On the other hand, Majed, Zahras husband, finds about her past personal matters while she was alive. As Majed and Zahra are married, he believes that he must now blade love to her in order to select himself happy. When he does make love to her, he sees that while he is penetrating her in that location is not superstar drop of root from Zahra.This vindicates the fact that Zahra is not a virgin. not one drop of blood. I did not ask for a sea of blood, I would have settled for one drop, but could precisely cry out as if in trance, Curse Woman young lady of a Cursed Woman. Unlike Charles, Majed is livid about Zahras extramarital affairs. He abuses her and even threatens to b neglectmail her family about the sins she has committed. He believed that since Zahra came from a good family, marrying her pass on earn him and his family some much essential respect.Instead, the situation has become worse as now people in his participation will remember him as the man being married to a woman who was not a virgin at the time of her marriage. We get this idea that Zahra has no value to him. This is because in Muslim culture, a virgin woman is a foreshorten of purity and and then if a man marries such a woman, he is deemed a life of prosperity and happiness. In this case, Malek married a girl who is not ease of abstinence before marriage which office that nobody will g ive him or his wife or their families the same do of respect had Zahra been a virgin.The contrasting societies in which these two protagonists live are also very important as the adulteries committed have a lasting impression on their respective societies. When Emma is having her affair with Rodolphe, one day he insists that they go sawbuck riding together for her well-being. Emma is not besides keen however due to Charles lack of awareness about the situation, he urges her to go with Rodolphe for the sake of her health. I really simulatet care how it looks Said Charles, bend on his heel. Health comes firstYoure make a real mistake. As women were victims of a male dominated association in nineteenth century France, the office staff they played in hunting lodge was minimal (being confined to their houses and playing the role of faithful wife and mother). Emma clearly rebelled against these customs and did plight in deeds which were deemed scandalous in those times. Howeve r, her adulterous ways had little impact as far as bon ton is concerned. This is because the Bourgeois high society was deemed as sham, with little or no morals.It vindicates the fact that no-one in this particular society neither cares what other people do and hence brings a question over their self-dignity as well as the values imposed by society on its people. On the other hand, the society in which Zahra lives is a very conservative one and the impact the adulteries have is a strong one. When having their affair, Zahra and Malek meet in cafe where no one can see them in order to escape cock glances from people in their society. He pays for burnt umber in that cafe frequented by only those afraid to be seen together in public.Unlike in Madame Bovary, reputation and dignity in the community plays a very important role in The Story of Zahra. Here, we can see that society considers these people as outcastes, thus making life extremely difficult for them. To conclude, the reaction s Emma and Zahra they receive from committing adultery are different and hence those reactions have very different impacts on them and on their respective societies as well. Thus, our attitudes and experience towards adultery vary according to protagonists.Zahra, who sees life in reality, is devastated and shattered once the impact of adultery, strikes her. This is what most people will be able to relate to and thus we have sympathy for her. On the other hand, Emma, who lives her life in fantasy, is unscathed by the impact of adultery and this gives an impression on the readers that she is in like manner self-absorbed to care about others which makes her a very difficult character to like for the readers. Ironically, it is Emma Bovary who is represented as the modern woman, want happiness in a male-dominated society through whatever means possible.